Wateb closet



(No Model.) 3 SheetS-She et; 1.

, J. .B. .BERLIER.

WATER CLOSET, URINAL, AND GB-SSPOQL; I

N0. 2727105, v Patented Feb-20,1883.

(No Model.) 3 sheets-rsheet a.

J; "B'.,BERLIER.

"WATER CLOSET, 'UBINAL, AND OBSSPOOL. No. 272,405. Patented Feb. 20.1883.

I UNITED STATES PATENT ems.

' JEAN BAPTISTE BERLIER, OF'PARIS, FRANCE, A-SSIGNOB. TO THE GOM- PAGNIE GENERALE DE SALUBRITE, OF SAME PLACE.

WATER-CLOSET, URINAL, AND CESSPOOL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 272,405, dated February 20, 1883.

Application filed August 9, 1882. (No model.) Patented in France March 14, 1881, No. 141,763; in Belgium October 31, 1881, No. 56,103; in England November 2, 1881, No. 4,800, and in Italy June 30, 1882, XXVIII, 306.

To all whom it may concern 1 Be it known that I, JEAN BAPTISTE BER LIER, director of the Oompagnie Gnrale de Salubrit, residing at Paris, France, have invented Improvements in Water-Closets, Urinals, and their Gesspools and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being bad to the annexed sheet of drawings, making a part of the same.

I also declare that the invention has been patented in the following countries, to wit: In France, by Patent No. 141,763. for fifteen years from March 14, 1881; in Belgium, by Patent No. 56,103, for fifteen years from October 31, 1881 5 in England, by Patent No. 4,800, for fourteen years from November 2, 1881; and in Italy, by Patent No. 306, Vol. 28, for fifteen years from June 30, 1882.

This invention consists in improvements in water-closets, urinals, and their cesspools, made with the intention of applying them concurrently with the system of emptying by means of a pneumatic tube, which was the 0 object of an application for a patent made by me the 12th January, 1882, Serial No. 49,932. Instead ofconveying the tanks filled with night-soil to a special place to be' emptied by means of the pneumatic tube, as has been stated in the preceding application, the said tube may be laid in the ground or in the sewers in proximity to the houses, to which the tanks and strainers of this invention may be connected by means of pipes, the tanks and strainers being placed in the cesspools of the houses and underneath the public urinals. With this end in view, I can either suppress or improve the permanent cesspools established in houses, where, under thepresent system, the night-soil, accumulates and rests for a too long period of time. I also employ some novel arrangements for preserving the urine, from which various useful products may be obtained, and for preventing it being lost in the sewers, where at the present time it is a source of infection.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents a vertical cross-section of a tank for receiving the night-soil. Fig.2 is a similar section of the same parts when the lower cesspool is pro- 'vided with a self-acting valve.

Figs. 3 to 8 represent modifications hereinafter more fully described. w

The cesspool ortank B, (shown in Fig. 1,) for the reception of the night-soil, can be placed above ground, as represented in the figure; or the tank and chamber B can be placed in the old-existing cesspools, in order to take advantage of them after they have been properly repaired.

The soil pipe A, Fig. 1, discharges into a perforated cage, 0, which is contained in a chamber or tank, B. Said chamber B has an open bottom, and is fitted on top with an airtight door, through which the cage may be withdrawn. This cage 0 is made of metallic lattice-work in such a manner as to allow the liquids and semi-solid matters to pass, and to retain only the solid matters. Within this grating or cage points are fixed, which catch and tear the wet paper. From the cage G the liquid and semi-liquid matter passes through chamber B into the wrought-iron cesspool D, which is provided with an air-tight man-hole, E, and which is connected by pipe F to the pneumatic tube H, passing into thesewer.

G is a sluice serving to control the communication of the cesspool D with the conduit B. By this new arrangement of fixed cesspool the solid matters remain in the cage O,and the semisolid bodies or liquids fall into the iron cesspool D, which may be emptied as often as may be desired by simply opening the sluice G. The'lower cesspool may have-a self-acting valve, as shown in Fig. 2. In this figure the letter (it represents the lower metal tank fixed upon a supporting-frame, b, and surmounted by a cage, 0.

To the bottom of the tank a,'wl1ich is conical, is attached the pipe or siphon c, which is in communication with the exhausting discharge-tube f. The valve g interrupts or establishes at will the emptying action into the siphon. The mouth of the tube 6 in the bottom of the tank a is closed by a valve, h, whose stem has a cross-head, i, sliding upon guiderods j, and provided at its two ends, outside the guide-rodsj,-with floats k, of an ovoid form, the use of which will be explained-farther on. Lastly, the tank a containsa hemispherical IOC shield or spreader, l, placed directly underneath the cage 0, and supported by hooks or brackets 121, so that the night-soil falling from the cage is thrown against the sides of the tank, and is thus prevented from clogging the valve horin any way preventingits working. \Vhen the level of the mass has risen nearly to the thickest part of the floats 7:, as represented on the drawings, they are raised and lift with them the valve h, which thus opens the orifice of thesiphon 0, into which the matter immediately passes, owing to the exhausting action of the pneumatic discharge-tube, the valve 9 having been previously opened. The floats I: are made of an ovoid form in order to obtain as large a space as possible between the mouth of the pipe 0 and the valve it when raised, as the opening necessary for the passage of the semisolid matters requires to be comparatively large. The sectional area of the floats k is calculated in such a manner that theywill, when their buoyancy causes them to rise to a certain height, overcome both the pressure upon the valve It, caused by the liquid mass in the tank, and also the atmospheric pressure upon it, due to the vacuum in the pipe 0. As this pressure diminishes immediately the valve rises, the floats 7: will rise to a point where their (lisplacement will he sufflcient to balance the system, such rise necessarily lifting the valve 71. to a corresponding extent. A urinal, A, may be erected on the tank a, as shown in Fig.8. Fig. 3 is a vertical section of a modified arran gement of reeeivin g and discharging apparatus, based upon the same principle, but arranged laterally side by side, instead of being superposed in the way that has just been described. In thisfigure is shown a modification in the receiving apparatus on the right with regard to the position of the cage. Fig. 4- is a corresponding plan view. Fi 5 represents an exterior elevation of the discharger. Fig. 6 represents a similar elevation of the receiver.

4 Fig. 7 represents a vertical section of another arrangement ofthe cage, mounted upon a pivot in such a way that a rotar movement more or less rapid can be given to it at will.

As in the preceding manner, the soil-pipe A opens into the receiving apparatus B, which contains the cage 0, and which is closed by a door, 6*, allowing this cage to be inspected and foreign bodies to be removed. The receiving apparatus B isin communication with the discharging apparatus 13 by means of a pipe, D placed at its lowerpart. The apparatus E is intended to taketheplaceof the tankD. (Shown in Fig. l.) The discharger E has within it the metal float F maintained and guided in its vertical movement by a bar, H This float has at its lower part a valve, a of india-rubher or other suitable material, closing the orifice of communication, b with the sewer. \Vhen the semi-liquid and solid matters reach the level 1 1 in the discharger the float F218 rais d and allows the matter to pass into the conduit until the liquid reaches the lower level, 2 2.

c isa metal tube establishing communication between the receiver B and the discharger E at their upper parts. The object of the cage or grating O is to prevent the passage into the conduit of any foreign or solid bodies which might have found their way into the soil-pipe without in any way preventing the passageof the liquidand semisolid matters. The bottom of the cage is provided with points P, which divide and tear such foreign bodies as paper, thusaidingin theirdecomposition,andinc0nSequence their escape from the cage into the conduit. The arrangement of the receiver represented at the right of Fig. 3 is intended to aid this decomposition of the-foreign bodies,

and this by partly immersing the cage 0 in the liquid matter.

I succeed in avoiding the frequent blocking up of the cage 0 by mounting it upon a pivot, which transforms it into a kind of hydro-extractor, as represented in Fig. 7; For this purpose the bottom of the cage is provided with a oivot, k which is seated in a socket, Z and this pivotis provided with a bevel-pinion, which gears with a conical wheel, 0, on the shaft 2). This shaft,.whieh finishes ofl' square in order that a handle maybe fixed to it, is hung in the lower part of the receiving-tank B, and works through an air-tight stuffing-box in order to prevent any escape from the said apparatus or any dismounting taking place. At its upper part the rotary cage is guided and maintained in position by a gudgeon, m turning freely in a hub of the iron cross a. It is easy to understand that by this arrangement I can give a rotary movement to the cage 0, which will vary in speed according to the difference that there is betwecnthe diameters of the toothed wheels. The action of the centrifugal force will produce a sieving action upon the bodies inclosed within the cage, which will only retain the matters that absolutely cannot be decomposed or that cannot be sutficiently divided. By this last-named arrangement, and by turning the cage at suitable intervals, I reduce the necessity of frequent inspections ot' the basket, and thus obtain a re sultas near perfect as possible.

I claim 1. The combination of the tank B with soilpipe A, inner perforated cage, (3, lower discharging-tank, and communicating pneumatic suction-pipe, substantially as herein shown and described.

2. The chamber B, combined with inner perforated cage, 0, having internal prongs, 2', substantiallyas and for the purposes herein shown and described.

3. Thedischarge-tank, combined with the exhausting discharge-pipe, upper supply-tank, and'valve IL, carrying a float or floats, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

JEAN BAPTISTE BERLIER.

Witnesses:

E. P. MAULEAN, J EAN BAPTISTE ROLLAND. 

